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1 From the Korean Study Group of Radiofrequency Ablation (H.R., K.H.Y., J.M.L., Y.C., J.S.C., S.H.K., W.J.L., H.K.L., G.J.N., S.S.H., Y.H.K., C.M.P., P.N.K., J.Y.B.); the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hanyang University Hospital, 17 Haengdang-Dong, Sungdong-Ku, Seoul 133-792, Korea (H.R.); the Department of Radiology, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea (K.H.Y.); the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chunbuk University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (J.M.L.); the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Korean Veterans Hospital, Seoul (Y.C.); the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chungnam University Hospital, Daejon, Korea (J.S.C.); the Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.H.K., W.J.L., H.K.L.); the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea (G.J.N.); the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea (S.S.H.); the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Korea University Hospital, Seoul (Y.H.K., C.M.P.); the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (P.N.K.); and the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Catholic University Hospital of Korea, Seoul (J.Y.B.). Recipient of a Cum Laude award for an education exhibit at the 2001 RSNA scientific assembly. Received March 12, 2002; revision requested April 29 and received June 20; accepted June 21. Address correspondence to H.R. (e-mail: rhimhc@hanyang.ac.kr).
Although radio-frequency (RF) ablation has been accepted as a promising and safe technique for treatment of unresectable hepatic tumors, investigation of its complications has been limited. According to the multicenter (1,139 patients in 11 institutions) survey data of the Korean Study Group of Radiofrequency Ablation, a spectrum of complications occurred after RF ablation of hepatic tumors. The prevalence of major complications was 2.43%. The most common complications were hepatic abscess (0.66%), peritoneal hemorrhage (0.46%), biloma (0.20%), ground pad burn (0.20%), pneumothorax (0.20%), and vasovagal reflex (0.13%). Other complications were biliary stricture, diaphragmatic injury, gastric ulcer, hemothorax, hepatic failure, hepatic infarction, renal infarction, sepsis, and transient ischemic attack. One procedure-related death (0.09%) occurred (due to peritoneal hemorrhage). Three important strategies for decreasing the rate of complications are prevention, early detection, and proper management. A physician who performs RF ablation of hepatic malignancies should be aware of the broad spectrum of major complications so that these strategies can be used.
© RSNA, 2003
Index Terms: Interventional procedures, complications, 761.1269 • Liver, interventional procedures, 761.1269 • Liver neoplasms, therapy, 761.1269, 761.30 • Radiofrequency (RF) ablation, 761.1269
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