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Figure 3e. PVL in a preterm (30 weeks gestation) infant with a history of acute respiratory failure, mild to moderate hypotension, and necrotizing enterocolitis. (a, b) Initial coronal cranial US scans show symmetric, diffuse periventricular white matter echogenicity (arrows in a) and loss of regular parenchymal spacing. There are linear hyperechoic changes (arrows in b), findings suggestive of accompanying hemorrhage. (c) Follow-up axial T2-weighted MR image obtained at 36 weeks postconception shows hyperintense T2 signal in the periventricular white matter (*). Although this finding is often difficult to distinguish from inherent lack of myelination, when interpreted in conjunction with findings from the patients other neuroimaging studies, it was believed to be real and consistent with leukomalacia. (d, e) Axial (d) and sagittal (e) T1-weighted MR images show curvilinear T1 hyperintense signal (arrows) in the periventricular white matter, a finding consistent with hemorrhage.