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DOI: 10.1148/rg.276065742
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RadioGraphics 2007;27:1635-1652
© RSNA, 2007

EDUCATION EXHIBIT

PET/CT of Esophageal Cancer: Its Role in Clinical Management1

John F. Bruzzi, FFRRCSI, Reginald F. Munden, MD, Mylene T. Truong, MD, Edith M. Marom, MD, Bradley S. Sabloff, MD, Gregory W. Gladish, MD, Revathy B. Iyer, MD, Tin-Su Pan, PhD, Homer A. Macapinlac, MD, and Jeremy J. Erasmus, MD

1 From the Division of Diagnostic Imaging (J.F.B., R.F.M., M.T.T., E.M.M., B.S.S., G.W.G., R.B.I., H.A.M., J.J.E.) and Department of Imaging Physics (T.S.P.), M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex. Received November 7, 2006; revision requested March 14, 2007, and received April 2; accepted April 13. H.A.M. receives grant support from General Electric, consults for General Electric and Radiology Corporation of America, and is a speaker for Siemens; all other authors have no financial relationships to disclose. Address correspondence to J.F.B., Department of Radiology, University College Hospital, Galway, Ireland (e-mail: bruzzij{at}hotmail.com).

Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has important utility and limitations in the initial staging of esophageal cancer, evaluation of response to neoadjuvant therapy, and detection of recurrent malignancy. Esophageal cancer is often treated by using a combined modality approach (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and esophagectomy); correct integration of PET/CT into the conventional work-up of esophageal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach that combines the information from PET/CT with results of clinical assessment, diagnostic CT, endoscopic gastroduodenoscopy, and endoscopic ultrasonography. PET/CT has limited utility in T staging of esophageal cancer and relatively limited utility in detection of dissemination to locoregional lymph nodes. However, PET/CT allows detection of metastatic disease that may not be identifiable with other methods. PET/CT is not sufficiently reliable in the individual patient for determination of treatment response in the primary tumor. Interpretation of PET/CT results is optimized by understanding the diagnostic limitations and pitfalls that may be encountered, together with knowledge of the natural history of esophageal cancer and the staging and treatment options available.

© RSNA, 2007






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