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MR Imaging of Disorders Associated with Female Infertility: Use in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management¹

¹ From the Departments of Radiology (I.I., A.W., M.M.) and Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.Y.), Tenri Hospital, 200 Mishima, Tenri, Nara 632-8552, Japan; the Department of Radiology, Shimane Medical University, Izumo, Japan (H.K.); and the Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (K.S.). Presented as an education exhibit at the 2001 RSNA scientific assembly. Received July 1, 2002; revision requested August 22; final revision received May 9, 2003; accepted May 12. Address correspondence to I.I. (e-mail: iizumi@tenriyorozu-hp.or.jp).

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has extended the usefulness of imaging in evaluation of pelvic disorders associated with female infertility. The causes of female infertility include ovulatory disorders (ie, pituitary adenoma and polycystic ovarian syndrome), disorders of the fallopian tubes (ie, hydrosalpinx and pelvic inflammatory disease), uterine disorders (ie, müllerian duct anomaly, adenomyosis, and leiomyoma), and pelvic endometriosis. Although laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, hysterosalpingography, and transvaginal ultrasonography are the most effective techniques for evaluation of pelvic disorders related to female infertility, MR imaging is used in a variety of clinical settings in diagnosis, treatment, and management. The applications of MR imaging include evaluation of the functioning uterus and ovaries, visualization of pituitary adenomas, differentiation of müllerian duct anomalies, and accurate noninvasive diagnosis of adenomyosis, leiomyoma, and endometriosis. In addition, MR imaging helps predict the outcome of conservative treatment for adenomyosis, leiomyoma, and endometriosis and may lead to selection of better treatment plans and management. Finally, MR imaging may serve as an adjunct to diagnostic laparoscopy and hysterosalpingography in patients with hydrosalpinx, peritubal adhesions, or pelvic adhesions related to endometriosis.

© RSNA, 2003

Index Terms: Endometriosis, 85.3192 • Fallopian tubes, abscess, 853.2174 • Fallopian tubes, stenosis or obstruction, 853.2172 • Fertility • Genitourinary system, 85.92 • Leiomyoma, 854.315 • Ovary, cysts, 852.3129 • Pituitary, neoplasms, 145.372 • Uterine neoplasms, 854.315 • Uterus, abnormalities, 854.1478

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