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Dedicated Multidetector CT of the Stomach: Spectrum of Diseases¹

¹ From the Departments of Radiology (A.B.S., M.P., M.U., P.P., G.L.) and Surgery (B.T.), University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Recipient of a Certificate of Merit award for an education exhibit at the 2001 RSNA scientific assembly. Received July 15, 2002; revision requested September 6; final revision received January 3, 2003; accepted January 15. Address correspondence to A.B.S. (e-mail: ahmed.ba-ssalamah@univie.ac.at).

Multidetector computed tomography (CT) offers new opportunities in imaging of the gastrointestinal tract. When thin collimation is used, near-isotropic imaging of the stomach is possible, allowing high-quality multiplanar reformation and three-dimensional reconstruction of gastric images. Proper distention of the stomach and optimally timed administration of intravenous contrast material are required to detect and characterize disease. In contrast to gastroscopy and double-contrast studies of the stomach, CT provides information about both the gastric wall and the extragastric extent of disease. Preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma appears to be the main clinical indication for multidetector CT. In addition, multidetector CT allows detection of other gastric malignancies (lymphoma, carcinoid tumors, metastases, gastrointestinal stromal tumors) and benign gastric tumors (neural tumors, polyps). Gastric inflammation (gastritis, ulcers, Ménétrier disease) and miscellaneous gastric conditions (emphysema, gastric outlet obstruction, varices) can also be visualized with multidetector CT. Multidetector CT is a valuable tool for the evaluation of gastric wall disease and serves as an adjunct to endoscopy.

© RSNA, 2003

Index Terms: Emphysema, gastrointestinal, 72.782 • Gastritis, 72.291 • Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), 72.3119 • Menetrier disease, 72.292 Stomach, neoplasms, 72.30, 72.34, 72.316, 72.33, 72.311 • Stomach, stenosis or obstruction, 72.74 • Stomach, ulcer, 72.25 • Stomach, varices, 72.75

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