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Neuronal Tumors of the Central Nervous System: Radiologic Findings and Pathologic Correlation¹

¹ From the Departments of Radiology (J.H.S., H.K.L., A.K.J., C.G.C., D.C.S.) and Pathology (S.K.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Poongnap-Dong, Songpa-Ku, Seoul 138-736, South Korea; the Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul (D.W.K.); and the Department of Radiology, St Mary's Hospital, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul (K.J.A.). Presented as an education exhibit at the 2001 RSNA scientific assembly. Received January 18, 2002; revision requested February 27 and received March 11; accepted March 13. Address correspondence to H.K.L. (e-mail: hklee2@www.amc.seoul.kr).

Pure neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumors of the central nervous system are uncommon but fascinating because they are less aggressive than the more common glial tumors and their prognosis is excellent. Neurologic manifestations are varied and include seizures, symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, and neurologic deficits according to tumor location. Many neuronal tumors of the central nervous system demonstrate characteristic radiologic findings. At magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, gangliocytomas demonstrate low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, high signal intensity on T2-weighted images, and frequent enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images. Characteristic MR imaging findings of Lhermitte-Duclos disease are a nonenhancing mass in a cerebellar hemisphere with a striated pattern. Central neurocytomas are typically located in the lateral ventricles near the foramen of Monro with a characteristic attachment to the septum pellucidum. Ganglioneurocytoma is a rare variant of central neurocytoma that is characterized by differentiation toward ganglion cells. In ganglioglioma, a well-defined cystic mass with a solid mural nodule is typically seen. Extension of enhancement to the leptomeninges is characteristic of desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma and correlates with the firm dural attachment of the solid component. Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor has a well-demarcated, multilobulated or gyriform appearance.

© RSNA, 2002

Index Terms: Brain neoplasms, diagnosis, 10.364 • Nervous system, neoplasms, 10.364 • Neurocytoma, 10.364 • Neuroma, 10.364

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