| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
EDUCATION EXHIBIT |
1 From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany. Presented as a scientific exhibit at the 1999 RSNA scientific assembly. Received October 1, 2001; revision requested December 6 and received January 21, 2002; accepted January 21. Address correspondence to J.L. (e-mail: lotz.joachim@mh-hannover.de).
Phase-contrast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a well-known but undervalued method of obtaining quantitative information on blood flow. Applications of this technique in cardiovascular MR imaging are expanding. According to the sequences available, phase-contrast measurement can be performed in a breath hold or during normal respiration. Prospective as well as retrospective gating techniques can be used. Common errors in phase-contrast imaging include mismatched encoding velocity, deviation of the imaging plane, inadequate temporal resolution, inadequate spatial resolution, accelerated flow and spatial misregistration, and phase offset errors. Flow measurements are most precise if the imaging plane is perpendicular to the vessel of interest and flow encoding is set to through-plane flow. The sequence should be repeated at least once, with a high encoding velocity used initially. If peak velocity has to be estimated, flow measurement is repeated with an adapted encoding velocity. The overall error of a phase-contrast flow measurement comprises errors during prescription as well as errors that occur during image analysis of the flow data. With phase-contrast imaging, the overall error in flow measurement can be reduced to less than 10%, an acceptable level of error for routine clinical use.
© RSNA, 2002
Index Terms: Blood, flow dynamics, 56.12144, 94.12944 • Magnetic resonance (MR), phase imaging, 56.12144, 94.12944 • Magnetic resonance (MR), vascular studies, 56.12144, 94.12944
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. J. Powell Aortopulmonary Collaterals in Single-Ventricle Congenital Heart Disease: How Much Do They Count? Circ Cardiovasc Imaging, May 1, 2009; 2(3): 171 - 173. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Grosse-Wortmann, A. Al-Otay, and S.-J. Yoo Aortopulmonary Collaterals After Bidirectional Cavopulmonary Connection or Fontan Completion: Quantification With MRI Circ Cardiovasc Imaging, May 1, 2009; 2(3): 219 - 225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K DEBL, B DJAVIDANI, S BUCHNER, N HEINICKE, F POSCHENRIEDER, S FEUERBACH, G RIEGGER, and A LUCHNER Quantification of left-to-right shunting in adult congenital heart disease: phase-contrast cine MRI compared with invasive oximetry Br. J. Radiol., May 1, 2009; 82(977): 386 - 391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. B. Srichai, R. P. Lim, S. Wong, and V. S. Lee Cardiovascular Applications of Phase-Contrast MRI Am. J. Roentgenol., March 1, 2009; 192(3): 662 - 675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Grosse-Wortmann, T.-J. Yun, O. Al-Radi, S. Kim, M. Nii, K.-J. Lee, A. Redington, S.-J. Yoo, and G. van Arsdell Borderline hypoplasia of the left ventricle in neonates: insights for decision-making from functional assessment with magnetic resonance imaging. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., December 1, 2008; 136(6): 1429 - 1436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. E.J. Thomson, A. L. Crowley, J. F. Heitner, P. J. Cawley, J. W. Weinsaft, H. W. Kim, M. Parker, R. M. Judd, J. K. Harrison, and R. J. Kim Direct En Face Imaging of Secundum Atrial Septal Defects by Velocity-Encoded Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Patients Evaluated for Possible Transcatheter Closure Circ Cardiovasc Imaging, July 1, 2008; 1(1): 31 - 40. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Saremi, J. D. Grizzard, and R. J. Kim Optimizing Cardiac MR Imaging: Practical Remedies for Artifacts RadioGraphics, July 1, 2008; 28(4): 1161 - 1187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. van Wolferen, J. T. Marcus, A. Boonstra, K. M.J. Marques, J. G.F. Bronzwaer, M. D. Spreeuwenberg, P. E. Postmus, and A. Vonk-Noordegraaf Prognostic value of right ventricular mass, volume, and function in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2007; 28(10): 1250 - 1257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. van den Berg, P. A. Wielopolski, F. J. Meijboom, M. Witsenburg, A. J. J. C. Bogers, P. M. T. Pattynama, and W. A. Helbing Diastolic Function in Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot at Rest and during Stress: Assessment with MR Imaging Radiology, April 1, 2007; 243(1): 212 - 219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Grosse-Wortmann, A. Al-Otay, H. Woo Goo, C. K. Macgowan, J. G. Coles, L. N. Benson, A. N. Redington, and S.-J. Yoo Anatomical and Functional Evaluation of Pulmonary Veins in Children by Magnetic Resonance Imaging J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 6, 2007; 49(9): 993 - 1002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Kuzo, R. A. Pooley, J. E. Crook, M. G. Heckman, and T. C. Gerber Measurement of Caval Blood Flow with MRI During Respiratory Maneuvers: Implications for Vascular Contrast Opacification on Pulmonary CT Angiographic Studies Am. J. Roentgenol., March 1, 2007; 188(3): 839 - 842. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Vogel-Claussen, H. Pannu, P. J. Spevak, E. K. Fishman, and D. A. Bluemke Cardiac Valve Assessment with MR Imaging and 64-Section Multi-Detector Row CT RadioGraphics, November 1, 2006; 26(6): 1769 - 1784. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Greve, A. S. Les, B. T. Tang, M. T. Draney Blomme, N. M. Wilson, R. L. Dalman, N. J. Pelc, and C. A. Taylor Allometric scaling of wall shear stress from mice to humans: quantification using cine phase-contrast MRI and computational fluid dynamics Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2006; 291(4): H1700 - H1708. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Ley, C. Fink, M. Puderbach, J. Zaporozhan, C. Plathow, M. Eichinger, W. Hosch, K.-F. Kreitner, and H.-U. Kauczor MRI Measurement of the hemodynamics of the pulmonary and systemic arterial circulation: influence of breathing maneuvers. Am. J. Roentgenol., August 1, 2006; 187(2): 439 - 444. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. H. ten Dam, F. M.A Box, A. J.M. de Craen, D. M.J. van den Heuvel, E. L.E.M. Bollen, H. M. Murray, M. A. van Buchem, R. G.J. Westendorp, G. Jan Blauw, and on behalf of the PROSPER Study Group Lack of Effect of Pravastatin on Cerebral Blood Flow or Parenchymal Volume Loss in Elderly at Risk for Vascular Disease Stroke, August 1, 2005; 36(8): 1633 - 1636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C. Weinreb, P. A. Larson, P. K. Woodard, W. Stanford, G. D. Rubin, A. E. Stillman, D. A. Bluemke, A. J. Duerinckx, N. R. Dunnick, and G. G. Smith American College of Radiology Clinical Statement on Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging Radiology, June 1, 2005; 235(3): 723 - 727. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. P. Salm, S. E. Langerak, H. W. Vliegen, J. W. Jukema, J. J. Bax, A. H. Zwinderman, E. E. van der Wall, A. de Roos, and H. J. Lamb Blood Flow in Coronary Artery Bypass Vein Grafts: Volume versus Velocity at Cardiovascular MR Imaging Radiology, September 1, 2004; 232(3): 915 - 920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. W. Nijsen, J.-H. Seppenwoolde, T. Havenith, C. Bos, C. J. G. Bakker, and A. D. van het Schip Liver Tumors: MR Imaging of Radioactive Holmium Microspheres--Phantom and Rabbit Study Radiology, May 1, 2004; 231(2): 491 - 499. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Glockner, D. L Johnston, and K. P McGee Evaluation of Cardiac Valvular Disease with MR Imaging: Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques RadioGraphics, January 1, 2003; 23(1): e9 - e9. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| RADIOGRAPHICS | RADIOLOGY | RSNA JOURNALS ONLINE |
