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Scintigraphic Features of Autoimmune Thyroiditis¹

¹ From the Departments of Radiology (C.M.I., S.M.K.) and Medicine (D.M.C., S.J., A.E.D.), Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 132 S 10th St, Rm 861 Main Bldg, Philadelphia, PA 19107. From the 1999 RSNA scientific assembly. Received August 28, 2000; revision requested November 6 and received December 22; accepted December 28. Address correspondence to C.M.I.

The term autoimmune thyroiditis encompasses multiple inflammatory conditions of the thyroid gland, each with variable clinical manifestations. The more acute forms, silent (painless) thyroiditis and postpartum thyroiditis, are associated with transient hyperthyroidism and are sometimes mistaken for Graves disease. The chronic form, Hashimoto thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis), results in goiter and eventual hypothyroidism unless it is recognized and treated promptly. Thyroid uptake measurements and scintigraphic findings (usually obtained with technetium-99m or iodine-123) play a complementary role along with thyroid function testing in differentiating autoimmune thyroiditis from other thyroid diseases, thereby influencing treatment. In some cases, histologic evaluation of biopsy specimens is required to yield the definitive diagnosis. Knowledge of the entire spectrum of these disorders is essential for appropriate case management.

Index Terms: Thyroid, hyperthyroidism, 273.522 • Thyroid, hypothyroidism, 273.521, 273.64 • Thyroid, radionuclide studies, 273.12171, 273.12172 • Thyroiditis, 273.292

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