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Advanced Cardiac MR Imaging of Ischemic Heart Disease¹

¹ From the Department of Radiology, Rm H1306, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Stanford, CA 94304 (S.B.R.); GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, Wis (Y.P.D.); and the Departments of Medicine (J.A.C.L.) and Radiology (D.A.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. Presented as a scientific exhibit at the 1999 RSNA scientific assembly. Received March 23, 2000; revision requested June 7; final revision received March 2, 2001; accepted March 19. Address correspondence to S.B.R. (e-mail: sreeder@stanford.edu).

Important advances in rapid magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technology and its application to cardiovascular imaging have been made during the past decade. High-field-strength clinical magnets, high-performance gradient hardware, and ultrafast pulse sequence technology are rapidly making the vision of a comprehensive "one-stop shop" cardiac MR imaging examination a reality. This examination is poised to have a significant effect on the management of coronary artery disease by means of assessment of wall motion with tagging and pharmacologic stress testing, evaluation of the coronary microvasculature with perfusion imaging, and direct visualization of the coronary arteries with MR coronary angiography. This article reviews current state-of-the-art pulse sequence technology and its application to the evaluation of ischemic heart disease by means of MR tagging with dobutamine stress testing, MR perfusion imaging, and MR coronary angiography. Cutting edge areas of research in coil design and exciting new areas of metabolic and oxygen level–dependent imaging are also explored.

Index Terms: Coronary vessels, stenosis or obstruction, 54.76 • Heart, ischemia, 51.771 • Heart, MR, 51.1214 • Magnetic resonance (MR), perfusion study, 51.12143 • Magnetic resonance (MR), pulse sequences, 51.1214 • Magnetic resonance (MR), vascular studies, 51.12142 • Myocardium, infarction, 511.771 • Myocardium, ischemia, 511.771

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