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SCIENTIFIC EXHIBIT |
1 From the Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, C/ Martín Lagos s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Presented as a scientific exhibit at the 1998 RSNA scientific assembly. Received April 5, 1999; revision requested May 10 and received July 7; accepted July 7. Address reprint requests to I.P. (e-mail: ipedrosa@hotmail.com).
Hydatid disease primarily affects the liver and typically demonstrates characteristic imaging findings. However, there are many potential local complications (eg, intrahepatic complications, exophytic growth, transdiaphragmatic thoracic involvement, perforation into hollow viscera, peritoneal seeding, biliary communication, portal vein involvement, abdominal wall invasion). Furthermore, secondary involvement due to hematogenous dissemination may be seen in almost any anatomic location (eg, lung, kidney, spleen, bone, brain). Ultrasonography (US) is particularly useful for the detection of cystic membranes, septa, and hydatid sand. Computed tomography (CT) best demonstrates cyst wall calcification and cyst infection. CT and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may demonstrate cyst wall defects as well as the passage of contents through a defect. Chest radiography, US, CT, and MR imaging are all useful in depicting transdiaphragmatic migration of hydatid disease. CT is the modality of choice in peritoneal seeding. US and CT demonstrate rupture in most cases that involve wide communication. Indirect signs of biliary communication include increased echogenicity at US and fluid levels and signal intensity changes at MR imaging. CT allows precise assessment of osseous lesions, whereas MR imaging is superior in demonstrating neural involvement. Familiarity with atypical manifestations of hydatid disease may be helpful in making a prompt, accurate diagnosis.
Index Terms: Echinococcosis, **.20832 • Liver, calcification, 761.81 • Liver, cysts, 761.311 • Liver, echinococcosis, 761.2083 • Parasites, **.20832
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