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SCIENTIFIC EXHIBIT |
1 From the Departments of Radiology (V.V., L.B., M.P.V., A.D., Y.M.) and Pathology (B.T.), Hôpital Beaujon, 100 boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92118 Clichy, France. Presented as a scientific exhibit at the 1998 RSNA scientific assembly. Received June 9, 1999; revision requested July 9 and received August 9; accepted August 12. Address reprint requests to V.V. (e-mail: valerie.vilgrain@bjn.ap-hop-paris.fr).
Compared with the imaging features of typical hepatic hemangiomas, the imaging features of atypical hepatic hemangiomas have not been well studied or well described. Knowledge of the entire spectrum of atypical hepatic hemangiomas is important and can help one avoid most diagnostic errors. A frequent type of atypical hepatic hemangioma is a lesion with an echoic border at ultrasonography. Less frequent types are large, heterogeneous hemangiomas; rapidly filling hemangiomas; calcified hemangiomas; hyalinized hemangiomas; cystic or multilocular hemangiomas; hemangiomas with fluid-fluid levels; and pedunculated hemangiomas. Adjacent abnormalities consist of arterial–portal venous shunt, capsular retraction, and surrounding nodular hyperplasia; hemangiomas can also develop in cases of fatty liver infiltration. Associated lesions include multiple hemangiomas, hemangiomatosis, focal nodular hyperplasia, and angiosarcoma. Types of atypical evolution are hemangiomas enlarging over time and hemangiomas appearing during pregnancy. Complications consist of inflammation, Kasabach-Merritt syndrome, intratumoral hemorrhage, hemoperitoneum, volvulus, and compression of adjacent structures. In some cases, such as large heterogeneous hemangiomas, calcified hemangiomas, pedunculated hemangiomas, or hemangiomas developing in diffuse fatty liver, a specific diagnosis can be established with imaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging. However, in other atypical cases, the diagnosis will remain uncertain at imaging, and these cases will require histopathologic examination.
Index Terms: Angioma, gastrointestinal tract, 761.3194 • Liver neoplasms, CT, 761.12112 • Liver neoplasms, diagnosis, 761.3194 • Liver neoplasms, MR, 761.121411, 761.12143 • Liver neoplasms, US, 761.12983
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