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Diagnosis of Renal Vascular Disease with MR Angiography¹

¹ From the Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 (Q.D., M.R.P.); and the Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Q.D., S.O.S., R.C.C., M.N., K.J.C., D.M.W., S.N.K.). Recipient of a Certificate of Merit award for a scientific exhibit at the 1998 RSNA scientific assembly. Received April 2, 1999; revision requested May 7 and received June 15; accepted June 21. Supported in part by the Whitaker Foundation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Verein zur Foerderung der Krebserkennung und Krebsvorsorge. Address reprint requests to Q.D.

Renal magnetic resonance (MR) angiography allows accurate evaluation of patients suspected to have renal artery stenosis without the risks associated with nephrotoxic contrast agents, ionizing radiation, or arterial catheterization. Other applications of renal MR angiography are mapping the vascular anatomy for planning renal revascularization, planning repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms, assessing renal bypass grafts and renal transplant anastomoses, and evaluating vascular involvement by renal tumors. A variety of pulse sequences provide complementary information about kidney morphology, arterial anatomy, blood flow, and renal function and excretion. Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography can be combined with several other sequences to produce a comprehensive approach to renal MR angiography. This comprehensive approach is designed to allow hemodynamic characterization of renal artery stenosis with a single MR imaging examination that can be easily completed in 1 hour. Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography demonstrates the renal arteries along with the abdominal aorta, iliac arteries, and mesenteric arteries in a 20–30-second acquisition that can be performed during breath holding. Numerous projections are reconstructed from a single three-dimensional volume of data acquired with a single injection of contrast material to obtain perpendicular and optimized views of each renal artery.

Index Terms: Magnetic resonance (MR), three-dimensional, 961.12942 • Magnetic resonance (MR), vascular studies, 961.12942 • Renal arteries, MR, 961.12942 • Renal arteries, stenosis or obstruction, 961.72

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